Рассуждения о Франции

Книга графа Жозефа де Местра (1754-1821) представляет собой блестящую попытку критического осмысления Французской революции 1789 года с позиции философского традиционализма. И поныне сохраняют актуальность мысли автора о значении революций в человеческой истории вообще, о жгучих проблемах, встающих после "термидоризации". "Рассуждения о Франции" систематически переиздаются на Западе - как философско-политическая классика. Однако на русском языке книга приходит к читателю впервые за двести лет по...

Жанры

Рейтинг LiveLib

4,2

18 оценок

5
39%
4
50%
3
11%
2
0%
1
0%

Ваша оценка

Прочитали 18Хотят прочитать 45

Рецензии

billowyclouds
18 декабря 2021
de Maistre's Blueprint
Based on "Considerations of Europe" we can state that de Maistre believed that it was necessary to have a monarchy with the support of the church. In his Considerations on France, he stated that "every assault committed against sovereignty in the name of the nation is always more or less a national crime", and that "all national crimes against sovereignty are punished without delay" implying that the sovereignty and authority is the most important thing that controls the nation and every revolt against it should be punished.
Moreover, although he was against the French Revolution, de Maistre preferred authority and supreme power, even when the authority wasn't perfect or just. He supported the revolutionaries executing the other revolutionaries, even if it was done in a horrible way, saying without it, "there would have been no of rendering justice" since, according to him, there were only a few victims killed who were not responsible for the revolution and that they helped establish order in disorder. He also supported them in terms of saving the unity of France and not allowing the enemies to invade her, saying that "once the revolutionary movement was established, only Jacobins could have saved the monarchy" implying that they controlled the armies and continued fighting off the enemies. Therefore, he concluded that, although the revolutionary authority was a monstrous power, it "was both a horrible chastisement for the French and the sole means of saving France.
He also supported the Christian church, claiming that without religion and morality, the social bond in Europe will dissolve. He also considered the whole revolution to be part of a "great mission", tying both the French Revolution and France's successes in Europe with God, and describing these events as beyond natural (De Maistre, p.21-22).
De Maistre believes that the restoration of the monarchy after the revolution is indeed feasible. He thinks that the success of France in external affairs will be never faded even by the terror of the revolution and that it will allow the king to reascend to his throne with all his power. However, he claims that it can only happen when France is in peace with all the countries in Europe. So that the overthrow of the revolutionaries won't tempt other countries to attack France, and the state will be in a relaxed state. Finally, he believes that the monarchy and peace will be restored also as, according to him, the revolution is part of a great mission and that France exercises over the whole of Europe and will return his power back.
Читать далее
0
377